Matter

> ======The five states of matter is **solids,liquids,gases,plasmas,bose-einsiein.**=====
 * 1) **Matter-**is anything made of atoms and molecules. Matter is anything that has a **mass**. Matter is also related to light and electromagnetic radiation .Elements-. **Elements** are the building blocks of all matter. **Molecules**-The smallest particle of a compound that has all the chemical properties of that compound. Molecules are made up of two or more atoms, either of the same element or of two or more different elements. Ionic compounds, such as common salt, are made up not of molecules, but of ions arranged in a crystalline structure. **Compounds-** a compound is a substance that results from a combination of two or more different chemical elements, in such a way that the atom s of the different elements are held together by chemical bonds that are difficult to break.**Atoms** the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element, consisting of a nucleus containing combinations of neutrons and protons and one or more electrons bound to the nucleus by electrical attraction; the number of protons determines the identity of the element.**Mixtures-** an aggregate of two or more substances that are not chemically united and that exist in no fixed proportion to each other.**Substances**- that of which a thing consists; physical matter or material:  //form and substance. **Homogeneous**-// composed of parts or elements that are all of [|the] same kind; not heterogeneous: // a homogeneous // [|//population//]//.//

2. **Assinment 2- Solutions** 1. mixture 2. heterogeneous 3. heterogeneous composed of different substances or [|the] same substance in different phases, as solid ice and liquid [|water]. 1. subsance 2. homogeneous 3. homogeneous- composed of parts or elements that are all of [|the] same kind; not heterogeneous: // a homogeneous // [|//population//]//.// //1. mixture// //2.// heterogeneous //3. heterogeneous composed of different substances or // [|//the//] //same substance in different phases, as solid ice and liquid// [|//water//]//.// // ﻿ 1. the water// // ﻿ 2. soutions-// A mixture in which particles of one or more substances 3. solute- kool-aid solvent- water //4. water is a universal solevent.// //3.// **Assinmnent 3-** Atomic Theory

Research Data Sheet


 * < Name of Scientists or Name of Experiment ||< Date of Discovery or Date of Contribution  ||< What did they do?  ||< Link to the  Atomic Model Theory?  ||
 * < Democritus ||<   ||< Democritus as more of a scientist than other Greek philosophers  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Democritus and Leucippus held that everything is composed of "atoms", which are physically, but not geometrically, indivisible; that between atoms lies empty space  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">J.J. Thomson ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1897  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">a British physicist and Nobel laureate  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">scientists, such as William Prout and Norman Lockyer, had suggested that atoms were built up from a more fundamental unit.  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Gold Foil Experiment ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1909  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">an experiment to probe the structure of the atom  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">an experiment to probe the structure of the atom  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Cathode Ray Tube ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1897  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">a fundamental function of the modern CRT.  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">J.J. Thomson, an English physicist who, in his three famous experiments, was able to deflect cathode rays  ||


 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 19px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Law of Definite Proportions ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 19px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1806  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">The law of definite proportions might seem obvious to the modern chemist, inherent in the very definition of a chemical compound  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">states that a chemical compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Plum Pudding Atomic Model ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1904  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">was proposed in 1904 before the discovery of the atomic nucleus  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">the atom is composed of electrons, surrounded by a soup of positive charge to balance the electrons' negative charges  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Bohr Planetary Model ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1911  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">An atomic physics  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">depicts the atom as a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in circular orbits around the nucleus  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Robert Millikan ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1908  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">an American experimental physicist  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Millikan worked on an oil-drop experiment in which they measured the charge on a single electron  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">James Chadwick ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1932  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">an English Nobel laureate in physics  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">The discovery of the neutron.  ||


 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Erwin Schrodinger ||<   ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">was a physicist and theoretical biologist  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">is famed for a number of important contributions to physics, especially the Schrödinger equation  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Eugen Goldstein ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1869  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">German physicist  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">discoverer of anode rays, and is sometimes credited with the discovery of the proton.  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Law of Conservation of Mass ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1905  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">states that the mass of a closed system will remain constant over time  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">The law implies that mass cannot be created or destroyed  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Dalton's Atomic Theory ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1800  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">English chemist, meteorologist and physicist  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">best known for his pioneering work in the development of modern atomic theory  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Rutherford Model ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1909  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Rutherford's 1911 analysis that the so-called "plum pudding model" of J. J. Thomson of the atom was incorrect  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">a model of the atom devised  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Quantum Mechanical Model ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1920  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">describes the time evolution of physical systems via a mathematical structure called the wave function  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">a branch of physics providing a mathematical description of the dual particle-like and wave-like behavior and interaction of matter and energy.  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Antoine Lavoisier ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1778-83  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">a French nobleman prominent in the histories of chemistry and biology  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">He found and termed both oxygen (1778) and hydrogen (1783  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Ernest Rutherford ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1899  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">British chemist and physicist who became known as the father of nuclear physics  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">During the investigation of radioactivity he coined the terms alpha and beta  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Dmitri Mendeleev ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1869  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Russian chemist and inventor  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">He is credited as being the creator of the first version of the periodic table of elements  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Niels Bohr ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1920  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">a Danish physicist who made fundamental contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum mechanics  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">The Bohr model of the atom, the theory that electrons travel in discrete orbits around the atom's nucleus  ||

ASSINMENT 4 <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Get Organized, Baby! <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">*Click on the first website listed.* ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1. Why are the elements placed in specific places on the Periodic Table? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">The elements are placed in specific places because of the way they look and act. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">2. Periods are __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__rows of elements__ __ that run from left to right. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">3. Elements in the same period have the same __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__number of atomic orbitals.__ __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">4. Every element in the first period has __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__one__ __ shell for its __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__electrons__ __. Every element in the second period has __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__two__ __ shells for its __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__electrons__ __. See the pattern? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">5. Groups are __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__columns__ __ that run from top to bottom. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">6. The elements of a group have the same number of __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__electrons__ __ in their __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__outer orbital__ __ shell. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">7. Every element in group one has __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__one__ __ electron in its outer shell. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Every element in group two has __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__two__ __ electrons in its outer shell. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">8. Hydrogen is special because it can act like two groups, __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__two__ __ and __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__seven__ __. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">9. Hydrogen sometimes is __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__missing__ __ an electron and sometimes it has an __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__extra__ __ electron. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">10. Although helium has only __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__two__ __ electrons in its outer shell, it is grouped with elements that have __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__eight__ __. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">11. The gray elements on this table are called __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__transition__ __ elements. They each have two electrons in their outer shell. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">*Go back to main page and click on the second web site.* ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">12. Click on Alkali Metals (left bar) and answer the following questions. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> a. What is the group number? _1_ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> b. Are these metals reactive? ___very___ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> c. Do these metals occur freely in nature? _no <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> d. How many electrons are in their outer shell? __1___ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> e. What are the three characteristics of ALL metals? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">metals are malleable, ductile, and are good conductors of heat and electricity. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> f. Are these metals soft or hard? _soft_ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> g. Name the two most reactive elements in this group? _Cesium_ and ___francium__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> h. What happens when they are exposed to water? _they explode_ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">13. Go back and click on Alkaline Earth Metals (left bar) and answer these questions. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> a. What is the group number? ___2___ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> b. Are these metals reactive? _yes_ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> c. Do these metals occur freely in nature? _not <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> d. How many electrons are in their outer shell? (Hint: it's the same as their oxidation number or group number.) __2_______ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">14. Go back and click on Transition Metals (left bar) and answer these questions. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> a. How many elements are in this group? _38_____ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> b. What are the group numbers? 3 through __12__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> c. What are valence electrons? electrons they use to combine with other elements_____ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> d. Because the valence electrons are present in more than one __shell__ __transition metals often exhibit several common__ oxidation states_. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> e. Name the three elements in this family that produce a magnetic field. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Iron, cobalt, and nickel <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">15. Go back and click on Other Metals and answer these questions. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> a. How many elements are in this group? _7_ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> b. What are the group numbers? __13__ __through__ _15_____ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> c. How are these other metals similar to the transition metals? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> No they are not <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> d. How are these other metals different to the transition metals? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">They do not exhibit variable oxidation states, and their valence electrons are only present in their outer shell. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">e. List three physical properties of these other metals. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">solid, have a relatively high density, and are opaque. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">f. What are the oxidation numbers for this group? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">+3, ±4, and -3 <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">16. Go back and click on Metalloids to answer these questions. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> a. Metalloids have properties of both __metals__ and ___non-metals___. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> b. Define semiconductor. _ Any of various solid substances, such as silicon or germanium, that conduct electricity more easily than insulators but less easily than conductors. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> c. Name two metalloids that are semi-conductors. __silicon__ __and__ _germanium_____ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> d. This property makes metalloids useful in _computers ___ and__ calculators. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">17. Go back and click on Nonmetals to answer these questions. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> a. What are the group numbers? ___14___ through _16_ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> b. List four characteristics of ALL nonmetals. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">very brittle, and cannot be rolled into wires or pounded into sheets. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> c. What two states of matter do nonmetals exist in at room temperature? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Gases and solids <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> d. The nonmetals have no ___ metallic luster__ __and do not__ _ reflect light _. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> e. What are the oxidation numbers of the nonmetals? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">±4, -3, and -2 <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">18. Go back and click on Halogens to answer these questions. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> a. What is the halogen group number? _17 <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> b. Are halogens metals or nonmetals? __metals__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> c. The term "halogen" means ___ salt-former__ __and compounds containing halogens are called__  salts __.__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> d. How many electrons are in their outer shell? 7 <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> e. What is their oxidation number? __-1__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> f. What states of matter do halogens exist in at room temperature? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Solid, Liquid, Gas <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">19. Go back and click on Noble Gases and answer these questions. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> a. What is the group number? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> 18 <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> b. Why were these gases considered to be inert or stable? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Because their oxidation number of 0 prevents the noble gases from forming compounds readily. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> c. What is their oxidation number? 0_____ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">ASSINMENT 4 PART 2 <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> **<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; vertical-align: auto;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 18px; text-align: center; vertical-align: auto;">__Get Interactive -Visual Elements__ __ ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Click on five different elements of your choice and complete the information below. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Element: hydrogen_ ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Symbol: __H___ Atomic Number: __1___ Atomic Weight (Mass Number): _1_ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Discovered by: ___ Henry Cavendish__ __Year:__ 1766 Where? ___ London, UK__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Origin of Name: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__The name is derived from the Greek ‘hydro genes’, meaning water forming.__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__Description:__ __ ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> 1. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__A colourless, odourless gas that burns and can form an explosive mixture with air.__ __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> 2<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__. It is currently manufactured from methane gas, but is also produced by the electrolysis of water and aqueous salts.__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">3.<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;"> __The gas is used to make such key materials as ammonia, cyclohexane and methanol, which are intermediates in the production of fertilisers, plastics and pharmaceuticals.__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Element: __Lithium___ ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Symbol: _Li Atomic Number: _ Atomic Weight (Mass Number):_____ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Discovered by: J. A. R. Arfvedson __Year: _ 1817__ ___ Where?__ _ Stockholm, Sweden <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Origin of Name: __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__From the Greek ‘lithos’ meaning stone.__ __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__Description:__ __ __ ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> 1. __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">_____ __ __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__Lithium salts are used in greases, batteries and glass.__ __ __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> 2. __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__Lithium carbonate therapy has become standard treatment for manic depression__ __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">3. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Element: _Beryllium ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Symbol: _Be Atomic Number: _4___ Atomic Weight (Mass Number):__ _9 <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Discovered by: __N.L. Vauquelin__  Year:  __1797__  __Where?__  Berlin, Germany _____ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Origin of Name: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__The name comes from 'beryllos', the Greek for the semi-precious stone beryl.__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__Description:__ __ ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> 1. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__A colourless, odourless gas that burns and can form an explosive mixture with air.__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> 2. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__It is currently manufactured from methane gas, but is also produced by the electrolysis of water and aqueous salts.__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">3. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__The gas is used to make such key materials as ammonia, cyclohexane and methanol, which are intermediates in the production of fertilisers, plastics and pharmaceuticals.__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Element: _Sodium ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Symbol: _Na Atomic Number: __11___ Atomic Weight (Mass Number): _22_____ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Discovered by: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__Sir Humphry Davy__ _ Year: _1807_ Where? __London, UK.__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Origin of Name: ___ The name is derived from the English soda and the chemical symbol comes from the Latin 'natrium', which means the same._______ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__Description:__ __ ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> 1. A soft metal that tarnishes within minutes of being exposed to the air, and which reacts vigorously with water <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> 2. _ The liquid metal is used as a heat exchanger in certain nuclear reactors, and as a reagent in the chemicals industry. _____ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">3. Sodium salts such as common salt (sodium chloride) and washing soda (sodium carbonate) are more important than the metal itself. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Element: _Gold ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Symbol: Au___ Atomic Number: _79__ Atomic Weight (Mass Number):__197__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Discovered by: __known since prehistoric times__ ___ Year:__ N/A Where? __N/A__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Origin of Name: _ The name is the Anglo-Saxon word for the metal and the symbol comes from the Latin ‘aurum’, gold. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__Description:__ __ __ ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> 1. __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__A soft metal with a characteristic colour and, since it is chemically unreactive, one of the few elements to occur in a natural state.__ __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> 2. __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__It will dissolve in aqua regia (royal water), a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids.__ __ __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">3. __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; vertical-align: auto;">__It can be beaten into very thin sheets (gold leaf) to be used as architectural ornament.__ __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 13px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">SUPER HERO PICTURE
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Henry Moseley ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1916  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">an English physicist  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Moseley's outstanding contribution to the science of physics was the justification from physical laws of the previous empirical and chemical concept of the atomic number.  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">John Dalton ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1800  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">English chemist, meteorologist and physicist  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">best known for his pioneering work in the development of modern atomic theory  ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Dalton's Atomic Theory ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1803  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">English chemist, meteorologist and physicist  ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">The atoms of a given element are different from those of any other element; the atoms of different elements can be distinguished from one another by their respective relative atomic weights.  ||